Refractive Errors

Myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism are common types of refractive errors that can affect vision. Refractive errors occur when the shape of the eye does not bend or refract light properly, causing blurry vision.

Myopia

Myopia, also known as nearsightedness, is a refractive error in which objects up close appear clear, but distant objects appear blurry. This occurs when the eyeball is too long or the cornea is too curved, causing light to focus in front of the retina instead of on it. Myopia can be corrected with eyeglasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery.

Hyperopia

Hyperopia, also known as farsightedness, is a refractive error in which distant objects appear clear, but near objects appear blurry. This occurs when the eyeball is too short or the cornea is too flat, causing light to focus behind the retina instead of on it. Hyperopia can be corrected with eyeglasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery.

Astigmatism

Astigmatism is a refractive error in which the cornea or lens of the eye has an irregular shape, causing light to focus on two different points in the eye instead of a single point on the retina. This can result in distorted or blurry vision at all distances. Astigmatism can be corrected with eyeglasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery.

It is important to have regular eye exams to detect and correct refractive errors early on. Uncorrected refractive errors can lead to eye strain, headaches, and even more serious eye problems such as amblyopia (lazy eye) or strabismus (crossed eyes).